Part1. What is Shiso Leaf Extract?
Perilla leaf extract is the dried leaf extract of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt, a plant in the Labiatae family. The main active ingredient is perilla oil, which has various health functions and has been widely used in medicine, food, and spices and preservative industries.
Part2. Pharmacological effects
1. Sedative and analgesic effects
Perilla aldehyde and stigmasterol synergistically have sedative and analgesic activity in perilla leaf extract. Dill apierole isolated from perilla can prolong the sleep time induced by cyclohexobarbital in a dose-dependent manner within a certain range.
2. Anti-tumor effect
Perilla alcohol, an extract of perilla leaves, can inhibit the activity of virus-induced carcinogenesis, significantly inhibit the incidence of breast cancer caused by chemical carcinogens or subcutaneous transplanted tumor strains, reduce the weight and volume of tumors, prolong the time of tumor appearance, and inhibit Breast cancer growth and rat liver tumor cell growth.
3. Antipyretic effect
Oral administration of perilla leaf decoction and intravenous infusion have slight antipyretic effect on rabbits with experimental fever caused by mixed typhoid vaccine. This may be related to the stimulation of sweat gland secretion.
4. The effect on blood sugar
Perilla leaf extract perilla oil (mainly containing perilla aldehyde) is taken orally after 12 hours of hunger strike to rabbits, which can dilate blood vessels in the skin and increase blood sugar. After making oxime (Oxim) with perillaldehyde, the effect of oral administration is better than that of perilla oil.
5. Antibacterial and antiviral effects
Perilla leaf extract perillaldehyde and citral also have antibacterial effect on pathogenic skin fungi. The volatile oil of perilla leaf extract has strong antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus in Gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia coli in Gram-negative bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus. Perilla stem and leaf extract has inhibitory effect on common bacteria. In addition, perillaldehyde, pinene and limonene have anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa activity.
6. Anti-allergic effect
The anti-allergic substance of perilla leaf is water-soluble and heat-resistant. It is a non-volatile fragrance component and has the ability to directly inhibit the production of TNF by macrophages in vitro. Perilla leaf extract can also inhibit the production of IgE, inhibit the production of DNP-IgE antibody and total IgE antibody, but have no effect on DNP-IgG antibody.
7. Anti-inflammatory effect
Observing the effect of perilla leaf juice on tumor necrosis factor (TNF), it was found that perilla leaf juice can reduce the elevated TNF level in blood by 50% to 75%. TNF is mainly a cytokine secreted by macrophages, which plays an important role in antibody inflammatory response and immune defense. However, when TNF is in excess, it will cause tissue damage, pathological changes and symptoms, such as fever, anemia, hemorrhage and necrosis, and even shock. Therefore, when the excess TNF is suppressed, the above pathological changes and symptoms may be weakened or disappeared.
8. The effect on the respiratory system
Kechuan Biwen'an, which is mainly composed of perilla leaf extract, has a good antitussive and antiasthmatic effect through the distribution of medicinal gas and inhalation.
9. Hemostatic effect
Perilla has a promoting effect on the endogenous blood coagulation system.
10. Other functions
Perilla aldehyde contained in perilla oil is a unique aroma component of perilla leaves. Perilla leaves can enhance the phagocytosis of macrophages, induce interferon in the body, and have the effect of immune function. Perilla leaves can reduce bronchial mucus secretion and relieve bronchospasm.
Part3. Application
1. Food
Perilla leaf essential oil is widely used in the food industry, such as food flavoring, antiseptic, antibacterial, color enhancement and so on. Using the pigments, aroma components, and nutrients in perilla essential oil can be used to develop and process various foods such as candied fruit, candy, leaf powder, vegetable oil, cakes, and nutritional drinks, or directly process edible perilla leaves, such as pickling , Platter, Fried Food, Mixed Use, Whole Powder, etc. In addition, the rosmarinic acid contained in the essential oil has strong anti-oxidation and good thermal stability. At present, in Japan and Korea, perilla essential oil is used as a kind of spice for soup, stew and baking. As a new type of food additive, it will contribute to the research and development of new products, continuously improve food quality such as color, flavor, and nutrition, optimize the dietary structure of residents, and promote the development of the food industry to a certain extent.
2. Medicine
It can be applied in medicine and health food, and has great potential in the research and development of disease prevention and health food. Perilla leaf essential oil has good health care effects, and has been used clinically for the treatment of allergies, stroke, myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, platelet aggregation, and tumors and cancers. As a biologically active ingredient, it is added to medicines, which improves the quality of medicines to a certain extent, and significantly improves the therapeutic effect, such as antineoplastic drugs, perilla leaf extract, perilla anti-tocopherol and other products. In addition, it also has health effects such as anti-aging, protecting eyesight, enhancing intelligence and memory, and improving sleep. It is a public safety food raw material that has been approved by the US FDA. It is worth mentioning that rosmarinic acid in essential oils is a phenolic acid compound with anticoagulant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and other activities, and is a multifunctional pharmaceutical intermediate. As a bioactive ingredient, it has many effects and wide uses, and provides new raw materials and new ideas for the medical field.
3. Industry
Perilla essential oil will become a bright spot in the development of the industrial field. As a multi-functional, pollution-free, high-quality industrial raw material, it not only shows its talents in daily chemical products for residents, such as cosmetics, perfume, aromatherapy, and some high-end luxury care products, but also in heavy industrial production, such as manufacturing varnishes, paints, dyes, and machinery. Oil, light industry textiles, leather appliances and other aspects of economic benefits are outstanding, with great potential for development.
